Railway car



Feb., 14, 1939. y n. A. CRAWFORD v2,147,01 l

' RAILWAY GAR Filed Mayl 1937' 8 Sheets-Sheet l Feb. E4, 1939. Dn A,CRAWFQRD 2,147,011

RAILWAY CAR Filed May 29, 1937 I 8 Sheets-Sheet 2 Fei). 114, i939. D, A;CRAWFORD 2,147,011

RAILWAY CAR Fild May 29, 1937 8 Sheets-Sheet 3 Feb. E4, 11939. D. A.CRAWFORD RALwAY CAR @UM/9. Crawford l Feb. 14, 1939. D. A. cRAwFoRD2,147,011

RAILWAY CAR Filed May 29, 1957 8 Sheets-Shea?, E

V568 V Y Feb. 1"4, 1939.

D. A. cRAwFQ'RD RAILWAY CAR Filed may :29.- 1957 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 I L?,zu/d @aux .@m ma Feb. 14, 1939. n. A. CRAWFORD 2,147,011

RAILWAY CAR Feb 14,y 1939- I D. A. CRAWFORD 2,147,011

RAILWAY CAR Filed Hay 29, 1937 AS Sheets-Sheet 8 f o 53 219 a I l@ J2e 825o Je! 21 JQO Y smeared rel. 14, 1939 nmrosrAr'ss RAILWAY can.

pavia A. Crawford, cou, n1.,

Pullman Company, Chicago, Ill.,

of Illinois assignor to The a corporation AppllcatlonMay 29, 1937,Serial No. 145,424

' and has for its principal object the provision of a car havingpermanently separate and independent compartments upon opposite sides ofa central aisle, each having complete toilet vfacili-- ties and a bedfoldable endwise longitudinally of the car into a partitionaccommodating practicaily all accessories incident to thecompartments-including a folding washbasin with necessary drains andttings, a medicine cabinet for toilet articles, a clothes closet,operating and balancing mechanism for the 'folding bed, and space forindividual drinking articles.

The foregoing and other objects 'are attained by the constructionillustrated in the accom-v panying drawings, in which Fig. 1 is apartial plan view of a railway car constructed in accordance with theteachings of this invention;

Fig. 2 is an enlarged plan view of a single section of the car showingthe construction of partitions in that and an adjoining compartment;

Fig. 3 is a perspective view looking into a compartment from the aisleposition-and showing the folding bed in its lowered position ready foruse;

Fig. 4 is a perspective view from within the compartment looking towardsthe aisle partition and illustrating the section as made ready for dayuse with the folding bed raised and the hinged hopper seat in position;

Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view looking towards the cabinet andwashbasin side of the partition and showing the conditioned airdistributing arrangement, and taken on the line 5-5 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 6 is als'o a cross-sectionalview looking at the reverse side of thepartition showing the folding bed and balancing arrangement and lockingmechanism;

Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view through one of the balancing devices;

Fig. 8 is a fragmentary, sectional view through the folding bed andpartition at the lock position and illustrating the retractable lockmechanism;

Fig. 9 is a longitudinal sectional view through a compartment taken onthe line 9-9 of Fig. 2 showing the folding bed in raised position andthe .balancing mechanism and safety ratchet arrangement used in loweringthe bed;

Fig. l0 is a view similar to Fig. 9 but with portions broken away andshowing the bed in lowered position;

Fig. 1l is a sectional view, to a larger scale, longitudinally of theycar through a partition taken on the line H-H of Fig. 2 showing thefolding washstand and .bed in their open positions andillustrating therelation of the seat back to the seat proper when lowered;

Fig. 12 is a fragmentary, sectional view through the foot of the bedillustrating the support vfor that end of the bed when in the loweredposition and the mechanism for holding the bed down;

Fig. 13 is a transverse, sectional view through a compartment at theenclosed hopper position taken on the line l3-I3 of Fig. 10 with the bedlowered and'held in position bythe mechanism for that purpose andshowing the hinged hopper seat in lowered position;

Fig. 14 is a longitudinal, sectional View through a partition at thehopper position taken on the staggered line |4--l4 of Fig. 2 and showingall of the parts in their normal position;

Fig. 15 is a fragmentary detail view showingthe safety ratchet forpreventing accidental dis-g lodgement of the bed;

Fig. 16 is a fragmentary, vertical, sectional view through the eccentricoperating the bedlocking mechanism; and

Fig. 17 is a fragmentary, horizontal, sectional view through thebed-operating handle showing its connection to the operating mechanism.

In the drawings, I0 represents a railway car having a central,longitudinal aisle Il defined by partitions I2 more fully hereinafterlto be described. At one end thev car is provided with a linen locker I3and baggage space I4 upon respectively opposite sides of the centralaisle and at the-other end is provided, on one side, with a linen lockerI6 and a general toilet I1 having a washstand I8 and a hopper vI9 and,at the opposite side, with an equipment locker 2l, an electric locker22, a folding seat 23 for a porter, space 2l for a water cooler and acontrol panel locker 26. At this latter end the car is provided with avestibule 21 having the usual side doors 28 and trapdoors 29 coveringsteps (not shown) and providing access to the car from either of therespective sides or from an adjoining car through passageway 3l but, atthe opposite end, entrance to the car is had only through the passageway3|. End door'32 closes the aisle space Il from the vestibule 21, anddoor 33, at the opposite end of the aisle. closes it from'the passageway3l.`

The aisle partitions I2 are each provided with a plurality of doorways34 opening into individual compartments formed by partitionsI extendingtransversely between and in conjunction with the respectlveaislepartitions and car sides 36. As best shown in Fig. 2, the doorways Athefront and rear edges of the doors, respectively,

for absorbing shocks in opening and closing. As shown in Fig. 5, eachdoor is suspended and runs on rollers 43 engaging a track 44 supportedfrom the'aisle partition |2 above the doorway 34 and within the pocket38. Curtains 46, draped from supporting rods 41, provide individual, en

closed bay spaces 48 at the respective doorways 34 when the doors 31 arein their open positionaffording more room for manipulating certainvaccessories hereinafter described.

Each of the private compartments is provided with lcomplete facilitiesfor day and night occu-` pancy, and practically all of these facilitiesare contained in the partitions 35. The individual items, certain ofwhich are foldable into the partitions, are entirely independent and',when closed, allow full utilization of availablespace in eachcompartment to the greatest'comfort and convenience of the occupant.The' principal item en'- closed within each of the partitions 35 is abed 59 foldable into the recess 49 provided therefor in the partitionand in the side walls of which it is pivotally supported as at 5|. Thebed comprises an open-top box-like receptacle having a bottom'wall 52,which forms apart of the interior nish in thecompartment when the bed isclosed, and marginal walls\53 conflningthe mattress 54 and bedding. Asbest shown in Figs. 3 and 13, the marginal wall 53, remote from a wallo1' the compartment, is cut away adjacent itsupper edge and the cutawayportion replaced by a cushioning element 56 which is held in place by a.fabric covering 51 secured to the wall 53 so that a person getting intoor out of bed or sitting on the bed will not be conscious of anotherwise hard and unyielding edge of the bed frame, and is protectedfrom possible injury. The mattress 54,

when the bed is in the vertical, closed position shown in Fig. 4, isheld in place by means of a spring-actuated retaining frame 58, shown indetail in Figs. 12 and 13, which is mounted upon the end wall 53 of thebed uppermost in that position. Brackets 59 are set in the end walladapted pivotally to receive the spaced, parallel end portions 6| of theU-shaped brace 58 which, adjacent the pivot points 62, are each providedwith spaced jaws 63 to receive tension springs 64 extending between thelower extremities of the brackets 59 and the upper portions of the jaws63 in position to exert` a force on1the frame 58 directed towards the'mattress 54 as the point of connection of the springs 64 to the jaws 63passes dead center at the pivot point 62 in line with the point ofconnection of the springs with the brackets 59. The frame 58 serves thefurther function of acting as a brace between the bed and partition 35to insure retention of the bed in lowered position when it is made readyfor occupancy. A projection 66 on the crossbar of the frame 58 enters arecess 61 provided there for in the partition 35 adjacent that end ofthe bed, and is held in engagement therewith by the tension of spring 64as it passes dead center in a direction towards the partition.

A t the opposite, or pivoted, end of the bed, the

nected to the end wall 53 of the bed, as at 69,

and slidingly guided in slots 1| in the opposite side walls of therecess 49 accommodating the bed. The headboard 68, as the bed is raised,.slides from its uppermost location, as shown in Figs. 10 and 11, whereit is in `juxtaposition to the panel 12 dividing partition 35 intoindependent portions associated with separate adjoining compartments,downwardly with the pivoted end of the bed, as shown in Figs. 9 and 14,to cover t-he space 13 otherwise remaining open between the lower edgeof the panel 12 and the end wall53 of the bed.

r.'he bed 50, in its vertical, closed position as best shown in Figs. 3,6, 8, 9 and 11, is securely locked by retractable plungers 14 set in theside walls of the bed recess 49 and engageable with keepers 16 in theopposite side walls 53 of the bed. The plungers 14 are pivotally mountedat 11 in brackets 18 set in the respective side walls of the recess 49flush with Vthe surfaces-thereof so that the plungers 14 projecttherebeyond under the influence of coil springs 19 in positionautomatically to engage shoulders 80 of the respective keepers 16 in thebed as it is pushed to its nal closed position. The plungers 14 andkeepers 16 are set in their respective members closely adjacent thesurfaces of the partition 35 and of the bed 50, and the plungers 14 areretracted by means of push rods 8| reciprocable through bearings 82 inthe keepers 16 to press the plungers from engagement with shoulders 80into pockets 83 provided therefor in the brackets 18 and vallowing thebed then to be lowered. It

will be noted that it is unnecessary for the ends of the push rods 8| toproject beyond the surface of the side walls of the bed in order torelease the plungers 14. The rods 8| are reciprocated by means of aneccentric 84 fulcrumed at 85 upon the inner side of the bed bottom 52and to which the push rods are pivotally connected at 86 and 81 upon'diagonally opposite sides of the fulcrum 85. The operating mechanism ismounted between the bed bottom 52 and an inner false bottom 88 spacedfrom the bottom 52 and extending over the entire area of the bed. Thisfalse floor is supported by angle members 15 secured to the side and endwalls of the bed and continuously underlying the edge of the false floorand, at the position of the transversely extending mechanism, by aZ-shaped reinforcing plat-e 89 upon which the eccentric 84 is mountedand held in spaced relation thereto by a spacing block 9| secured to theplate 89 by machine screws 92 and having a trunnion 93 upon which theeccentric seats.` A washer 94, held to the trunnion by a screw 95, holdsthe eccentric 84 properly in place upon the trunnion. The connections 86and 81 between the push rods 8| and the eccentric 84 are effected bymeans of vheaded pins 96 passing through the eccentric and the flattenedend portions of the respective rods and secured by cotters 91. The rods8| are resiliently held in retracted position by a tension spring 98extending between the 'connection |36 on the eccentric 84 and a stop 99on thereinforcing plate 89 and tending to rotate the eccentric in adirection to withdraw the push rods from engagement with theplungers/1,4.

The eccentric 84 is rotated by means of a` manually operable handle |0|disposedA on the outer or exposed side of the bed bottom 52 in plateposition to be grasped by a person in the compartment to release theYlock and lower the bed for ccupancy. The handle |0| is directlyconnected, through the bed bottom, with a lever |02 which, in turn, isdirectly connected with the 'eccentric 64 by a strut |03 causing themsimultaneously to rotate about their respective fulcrums when the handleis manipulated. The strut |03 is pivotally connected at |04 to the lever|02 and to the eccentric 84 at |05, the respective connections beingeilected by meansof headed pins 96 and cotters 91 in the same manner asin the connections 66 and 61 between the push rods 6| and the eccentric.The handle |0| turns in a bearing |06 secured in the bed bottom, and theportion |01 of the handle extending through the bearing is detachablefromthe handle proper and is threaded thereinto at |66 and secured by alocking pin |09. The lever M2 for operating the eccentric 84 isfastenedv to the extension |01. lit will be noted, as best shown in Fig.6, that the handle |0| extends to that side of its iulcrum whereby apull exerted thereon in a downward direction will cause the eccentric 84to be rotated in a counterclockwise direction' and that the direction ofthe pull exerted on the handle is in substantially the same generaldirection of the opening movement of the bed-so that practically onemovement unlocks and opens the bed.

The handle |0 through the eccentric 64, serves the further purpose ofreleasing a safety ratchet mechanism I|| utilized to prevent the bedfrom suddenly being jarred or jolted to lowered position by movement ofthe car occurring during normal operation of a train. The mechanism itl,as best shown in Fig. 14, comprises an arcuate ratch ||2 having teeth||3 on the inner side of the arc cooperable with a retractible ratchetiid mounted on the car iioor and bed, respectively, and adapted topreventl lowering of the bed until release of the ratchet. The vratch||2 may be composed of carbon steel or other wear-resistant metal and issupported from and secured to the car floor by means of brackets I5 and|.|6 welded to the back side of the ratch at ||1 and ||8 and secured tothe floor by bolts I9, and is braced at its extremity from the wall |20.within the partition 35. The ratchet` |4 reciprocates through a guidebracket |2| extending through the lower end wall 53 of the bed andhaving a ange |22 secured'to the inner side thereof by countersunkscrews |23. The bracket |2| is mounted upon and secured to a guide |24by rivets |25, providing a complete bearing for the ratchet ||4, andtogether secured to an extension plate |26 provided forV a purposehereinafter described, by machine screws |21 through a filler block |28.The ratchet ||4 has a T-shapedhead, the oppositely extending anges |23of which are disposed in juxtaposition to the top ilange |22 of theguide bracket and each provided, on its lowermost side, with a circularpocket 3| adapted 'to receive a headed column of rubber |32 held inplace by a perforated plate |33 through which the column .protrudes andwhich is secured to the flanges |29 by screws |34. The rubber |32engages the ilange |22 to act as bumpers and reduce the sound of theratchet mechanism as the bed ls operated. The lower extremity |35 of theratchet ||4 may be of hardened, machined steel and is separable from theremaining portion of the ratchet and secured thereto by machine screws|36 taking both v o! the jaws |31 on the body of the ratchet andpenetrating the tongue |36 on the part |35 entered therebetween. Theratchet I I4 is connected with and operable from the eccentric 64 bymeans of an adjustable pullrod |39 pivotally se, cured to .the eccentricaty 90 by means which may be like the headed pin 96 heretoforedescribed, which penetrates the flattened end of 5 the rod and the`eccentric and may be secured by a cotter like that shown at 91. Theconnection of the rod |39 `to the ratchet is adjustable and resilient.The rod |39 stops short of-the ratchet ||4 and a turnbuckle |4| connectsthem rod with an inverted headed bolt |42 passing through an opening |43in the head of the ratchet, thus providing a slip-joint connectiontherebetween. The bolt |42 is inserted through the opening` |43 in thehead of the ratchet ||4 l by means of an opening |40 provided for thatpurpose in the body of the ratchet. l The threads on the rod |39 areright-hand and those on the bolt |42 left hand, so that by turning the.buckle |4| the length of the rod may be adjusted as desired. Afteradjustment is made, locknuts |44 are drawn up tightly against oppositeends of the buckle to insure permanent accuracy of the original setting.Resiliency in the slip-joint connection is providedby a spring |45encircling the bolt |42 and extending between the lower llocknut |44 andthe head of the ratchet ||4 and normally pressing the head of theratchet against the head of the bolt |42 so that the bed 50 may beclosed Without operating the handle |0|, and' the ratchet ||4 willautomatically engage the teeth ||3 of the ratch ||2 under pressure ofspring |45. Thus it will be seen that when the handle |0| is manipulatedto operate the eccen. tric 64 to retract plungers 14 by means of pushrods 8| so that the bed 50 may be lowered, the ratchet yI |4 will alsobe retracted by means of the pull rod |39 releasing it from engagementwith the teeth ||3 .of the ratch ||2, whereby the bed is then free to beplaced in its lowered position. As best shown in Figs. 6, 1, 9, 10, 11and 14, the weight of the bed 50 is so balanced by mechanismhereindescribed that it may readily and without great effort be operatedby the passenger occupying the section. The mechanism comprises aplurality of torsional spring devices operating in parallel, firmlymounted upon the floor of the car at the bed position and connected tothe bed in such manner as to exert a force onthe bed tending to closeit, whereby the 'person operating the bed is relieved of its weight inthe closing move-.- ment, and, in opening, the very weight of the bedbalances the resistance offered by the torsional spring mechanism. Thebalancing mechanism comprises a torsional spring |50 having its innerend anchored at |5| in a iixed axle |52 and its outer end secured at |53to a sheave |54 housing the spring |50 and rotating upon bearings |56and |51 on the axle |52 at opposite sides of the spring. The axle |52 atone end is fixed against rotation in a spider bracket |56 from whichlegs 60 |59 extend to engage and secure by screws |6| a complementalspider |60 providing a support for the opposite end of axle. For thepurpose of assembly, the sheave is comprised of two sections |54 and|54", each having a radial ange forming, when assembled, a groove |62into which a flexible chain |63 is secured at |64 and in which the chainwinds and unwinds about the sheave as the mechanism is operated. -Asshown in the 70 drawings, there are .three of these complete mechanismsfor each bed, and each device is secured to a plate |66 by bolts 61having countersunk heads, and these plates, in turn, are secured betweena pair of angleI members |68 preferably by 75' welding and the completeassembly secured to the car floor as a unitary structure by means ofbolts or screws |69. The flexible chains |63 are connected to extensions|13 secured to and depending from the lower or pivoted end of the bed,increasing the leverage and providing greater power to the mechanism formore easily balancing the bed. The extensions |13 comprise part of anintegral frame including the plate member |26 and members |1| connectingthem and secured thereto by welding. The plate |26 andthe extensions |13are secured, respectively, -to angle members and '|12 extending acrossthe width of the bed, and the angle members provide means for removablysecuring the unitary frame to the bed through the medium of bolts |14extending through the end wall 53 of,the bed and penetrating the angleswhich are held in place by nuts |15 drawn up tightly against lockwashers |16. Theextensions |13 are provided lwith jaws |11 between whichthe ends-of the chains |63 are receivedand pivotally secured by pins |18held in place by washers |19 and cotters |8|, and'it will be seen thatas the bed is lowered the full resistance of the combined spring units|50 will be encountered and the weight of the bed thereby balanced foreasy operation. The springs |50 are adjusted to the tension proper tobalance the bed at the time of assembly. I

A seat back |82, resting upon the flange ||0 of the plate |26, issecured to and moves with the bed 50, while the seat cushion |83is'flxed with respect thereto and remains stationary. A

person wishing to lower the bed merely grasps the handle |0| andpullsfin a downward direction to release the ratchet mechanism andplungers 14 through the medium of eccentric 84 and, pulling in the samegeneral direction, lowers the bed to a position where themattress-retaining frame 58 may be swung in position automatically toengage the recess 61 as the bed reaches its ilnal position of rest uponthe 'molding 60 rigidly secured to the partition 35 to be engaged by andsupport the free end of the bed when lowered.

When it is desired to close the bed, the retaining frame 58 is releasedfrom engagement with the recess 61 andplaced in position to hold thebedding 54 as the bed is swung or given sufficient impetus to swing to aposition where the teeth ||3 on ratch ||2 will be engaged by the safetyratchet I4 positively to prevent the bed unintentionally being loweredbefore the train attendant makes up the compartment and fully closes thebed, or the occupant of the compartment again lowers it. Ordinarily, ifthe person operating the bed raises it at all after releasing the frame58, the impetus thereby given, with the tension of springs |50, will besufficient to cause the safety ratchet mechanism operatively to engage.Bed-rest molding 60 is supported by an angle member 65 underlying andconcealed by the molding and securely fastened to the partition 35 byscrews 55, and the bed in its lowered position is supported only bypivots 5|, operating in ball bearings 25, and molding 60. The seat back|82 and cushion |83, overlapping when the-bed is lowered, do not offerany support thereto. When operating the bed, the bay space 48 providedby curtain 46 may be utilized to advantage by opening the door 31,thereby affording more space for greater freedom of movement. The seatcushion |83 extends across the full width of the compartment between andsupported from aisle partition |2 and side wall 36, but the seat back|82 stops short of the aisle partition for a purpose hereinafterreferred to and is provided with foldable arm rests |84 which may belowered for the convenience of the occupant, and, should they be allowedto remain extended when the bed 50 is lowered, they will automaticallybe folded upon striking the seat cushion |83. A bed light |85, mountedupon the dividing* wall 12, is provided for the convenience of theoccupant and, when the bed 50 is lowered, may be operated by a switch|86. The bed and al1 operating accessories are located entirely withinthe confines of partltion 35. It is to be noted that the bed 50 isfoldable -endwise longitudinally of the car so that when open foroccupancy it is disposed alongside of window 45 and, when closed, thefolding seat operable therewith isso disposed that the occupant thereofsits by and may have an uninterrupted view through the window. A blind|00, which may be of any type, excludes the light from window 45 whendesired.

A washstand |81 is also foldable into the partition 35, but lt will beapparent that while the bed 50 is openable into one compartment thewashstand in the same partition therewith opens into the next adjacentcompartment, so that in the same compartment the bed and washstand arein opposite walls. The folding washstand comprises a receptacle |88whose outer surface conforms to the contour and finish of the wall ofthe compartment in which it is hinged at I 89, having an operatinghandle |9 and in which the washbasin |92 is supported by anges|93resting upon and secured to the walls |94 of the receptacle. The basinand top surface flange are of white metal and arefcomprised of separatemembers secured together, the surface |93 having a rolled edge |95overhanging the basin |92 about its Vupper, inner perimeter, providing asmooth finish to prevent injury to a user. The basin is bowl-shaped andis provided with a spout portion |96 through which it is automaticallyemptied as the'basin is closed. The receptacle |88 is lined with zinc|91, as is the recess |98 in-the partition 35 accommodating thewashbasin, and in the lower portion of which is fitted a drain |99 intowhich the basin empties and which has a drain pipe 20| provided with atrap 206 and extending to the exterior of the car. A cover plate 202conceals the plumbing, consisting of hot and cold water pipes 200 and203 connected to the regular pressure water system used on modernsleeping cars, from the view of the person using the washstand, andonly.the combination faucet 204 is exposed.

' The washbasin is provided with counterweights 205, one at each side,secured to the inner sides of side Walls |94 of the receptacle |88 byscrews or otherwise, and serve to balance the weight ofthewashstand-causing the surface |93, when in the closed position, to bearagainst a complemental surface 201 in the recess |98. When open, thewashbasin is supported in a horiontal position by stops 208 attached tothe surface 201 at opposite sides of the basin in position to engage thecounterweights 205 at their end portions 209 to prevent `the washstand|81 from further pivoting about the hinge point |89 after the stops areengaged. The washstand is opened for use by merely grasping the ,handle|9| and pulling the basin to a horizontal position where it may be lledwith water drawn from the faucet 204. After use, the washstand is pushedto its vertical, closed position where it empties into the drain |99 andis held by weights 205. An inspection and maintenance door 2|0 isprowashstand |81 for examination of the plumbing equipment.

A medicine cabinet 2|| is disposed in the partition 35 immediately abovethe washstand |81 on the same side of the partition and in the samecompartment therewith. 'lhe cabinet contains shelves 2|2 and is closedby a hinged door 2|3 having a mirror 2|4 on the exposed face thereof.

Tubular bracket lights 2|5, attached to partition 35 upon opposite sidesof the medicine cabinet mirror, provide illumination. A used razor bladeslot 2li for disposal of old blades and an electrical outlet 2|1 forelectrically-operated toilet devices are arranged in the side wall 36adjacent the medicine cabinet 2|| for the convenience of a personV usingthe mirror 2|4. An extended mirror 20 on the inner side of sliding door31 supplements the medicine cabinet mirror 2|4. A clothes closet orwardrobe 2|8 for the accommodation of the compartment occupants personalbelongings is also disposed in partition 35 alongside of the washstand|81 and medicine cabinet 2|| and is closed by a hinged door 2|9.

The panel 10 of the partition 35 into which the ybei sa is received andthe dividing wail 12 extend from approximately the pivotal end of thebed to the ceiling, and the panel 30 through which thel washstand,cabinet 2|| and the wardrobe open extends from the floor to' the top ofthe wardrobe and medicine cabinet so that, adjacent the oor, panel 38,only, separates adjoining compartments, and, at the ceiling, panel 'l0and wall 12 divides them. The top of the medicine cabinet and wardrobeis utilized for the stowage of baggage, and a shelf 22|, on alevel'therewith and extending from aisle partition I2 to the side wall36, affords ample accommodation for all necessary luggage and, ii'desired, the space 222 beneath the seat |83 may also be used for thispurpose. The panel 1li is provided with a recess 223 above the seat back|82 between the aisle partition I2 and the bed-affording a small shelf224 accommodating a carafe 225 and a drinking glass 226.

In addition to the general toilet l1 at the end of the car,y anindividual, concealedtoilet is provided for each compartment. A cornerseat 221 covers a hopper 228 and provides additional seat-` ingaccommodation. The seat 221 is supported upon a stand 229 resting uponthe floor of the compartment and extending from the aisle partition I2outwardly and about the hopper to the face`38 of the partition 35 andfully enclosing the hopper. The hopper 228 is provided with a seat 23|formed as a part of the stand 229, and a. cover 232 hinged at 233 uponthe stand, conceals the hopper from view when the seat 221 is swung fromits normal position of rest upon the cover, as presently will appear. Itwill be seen that the -seat- 221 comes within the plan area of the bed50 whenl the bed is lowered and supported upon the molding 60, and inorder to provide clearance therefor, the seat is hinged at 234 to thestand 229 so that it may be swungv toa position of rest upon the oor, asshown in Figs. l0 and 13, vwhen it is desired to lower the bed. A handle235 on the seat 221 provides for easy operation, and a spring 230,tending to urge the seat to its position of rest covering the hopper,relieves a person operating it of the greater part of the weight of theseat and makes for still greater ease in the operation thereof andprevents vbration and chattering of the seat. Resilient bumpers 236normally support the seat "to the branches 241 are of much upon thehopper cover 232 and cushion the closing movement thereof. During theday the lz'opper 228 is available for use by merely swinging the seat221 to its nighttime positiombut at night it is of course necessary irstto raise the bed 50 5 out of the way since, while the bed is notsupported upon the seat 221 or hopper stand, it partially overlaps thehopper so that it is necessary to remove it before the hinged cover 232may be raised to expose the hopper. It is unnecessary 10 fully to closethe bed when it is desired to uncover the hopper, but it may merely beclosed to the extent of causing the safety ratchet mechanism operativelyto engage to avoid any possibility of mishap. A basket 231 is securedupon that side 15 of the hopper stand 229 adjacent the washstand |81 forthe reception of soiled linen.

Beneath the seat |83 a shoe box 238 is installed for receiving shoes tobe cleaned by the car attendant. A hinged door 239 opens into the box 20from the compartment and may be fastened by means of a lock 240, whilethe attendant has access to the box from the aisle by means of a hingeddoor 24| opening through the aisle partition I2.` Overhead lights 242provide general illumination for the individual compartments. Coat hooks243 are provided on the aisle partition I2 and, in order that a longcoat may be hung thereon.without rumpling, the seat back cushion |82 3()is stopped short of the aisle partition to leave a space 244.

The compartments are ventilated individually by means of the usual airconditioning system installed at the end of the car in the roof zone, 35not shown, but having circulating connection with the compartments uponopposite sides of the aisle through the medium of the central overheadduct 245 and recirculating air outlets 24E in the compartment doors 34communicating 40 through thev aisle il with a. recirculating air inletgrille in the passageway ceiling at the air conditioning installation.`Fresh and recirculating air, conditioned by the air conditioningsystem..` passes through the'duct 245 to the various compartments bymeans of branch connections 24'l'andis diffused and distributed thereinthrough the medium of outlets 249 extending the full length oi' thecompartments between wall 12 and the face 10 of the opposite partition35, as best shown in Fig. 4. The outlets from the duct 245 smalleroverall dimension than the outlets 249 to the compartments, but theoutlets 249 comprise plates nely` perforated throughout their area, asby holes 250, A u whereas the outlets from the duct are totally open, sothat the total combined area of the openings in the outlets 249 is lessthan that of the duct outlets, whereby slight pressure is built up inthe branches 241 causing them to 'act a's w diliusing chambersdistributing the air to the 'compartment throughout the length ofoutlets 249 without noticeable velocity. The perforated outletplates.249 are removably mounted for cleaning purposes and at theirupper edge are supported in ceiling molding 25| and at their lower siderest on molding 252, and held in place by means of a key 253 taking amember 254 secured to the aislepartition I2 and protruding through theoutlet plate 249 at the mid-portion 7g thereof. Removal of 'the plate isfacilitated by use of a handhold 255 secured thereto near the keyconnection.

To remove smoke and vitiated air from the compartments, the car isprovided with an ,ex- 1| haust Ventilating system consisting of anexhaust blower disposed at the end of the car opposite from that inwhich `theair conditioning equipment is installed-discharging to theatmosphere and connected with the individual compartments on each sideof the central aisle by separate ducts 256 extending the length of thepassenger space above the duct 245 adjacent the respective aislepartitions in position to connect with vertical branch ducts 251disposed at each compartment. 'The duct 251 connects with a horizontalduct 25B extending immediately beneath the baghandle 26| arranged, forconvenience, on the face 10 of partition 35 in the space 244 between theseat |82 and the aisle partition |2 and connected With a heat controlvalve.

From the foregoing, it will be seen that there has been provided a carhaving a plurality of permanently independent rooms disposed uponopposite sides of a central aisle, each provided with completefacilities for day and night travel and in which at least the majoraccessories areY foldable into the walls thereof and operable with onlyslight eiiort on the part oi the occupantmaking the entire room spaceavailable for lounging or dressing and preparing the toilet, and inwhich complete toilet facilities, a wardrobe and other conveniences areat the disposal of the occupant and to which he has access day or night.It is to be noted that each of the private rooms occupies no more spacethan is required for the ordinary open section.having upper and lowerberths, and, as actually constructed, eighteen individual 'rooms areincorporated in a car, since the ladies and gentlemens rest roomsordinarily used at opposite ends of a car are eliminated and the spaceutilized forv additional accommodations.

What is claimedi is:

1. In a vehicle having a room, a full length bed in said room foldableendwise into ,a wall thereof, bedding in the bed, means for locking' thebed in said wall, means for releasing the locking means and loweringsaid bed, means for.

retaining the bed in lowered position, said means serving to retain thebedding when the bed is in raised position, and means4 operatingsimultaneously with and subsequent to said releasing means to preventlowering of the bed without continued operation of the releasing means.

2. In a vehicle having a room, a full length bed in the room foldableendwise into a wall thereof, bedding in said bed, a vertically slidableheadboard preventing escape of said bedding in the raised position ofthe bed, means for locking the bed in said wall, means for releasing thelocking means and lowering said bed, and means for retaining the bed inlowered position, said means serving to prevent sagging of the beddingin the raised position of the bed.

3. In a vehicle having sidewalls, a plurality of partitions spaced fromsaid walls and formingv vdisposed in the respective rooms and a centralaisle, a plurality of partitions at an angle to and extending from saidaisle partitions to the respective side walls forming a plurality oi'rooms at each sidev of the aisle, doorways in the aisle partitions ateach room, doors closing said doorways, curtains atI the doorways, a bedin each room foldable endwise longitudinally of the room into saidsecond-named partitions, bedding in said beds, means for locking saidbeds in said partitions, means for releasing said locking means andlowering said beds, means for retaining said beds in lowered position,said means serving to retain said bedding in the bed when in the raisedposition, means ,operating simultaneously with and subsequent to saidreleasing means to prevent lowering of the bed without continuedoperation of the .releasing means, a folding washstand in each roomdisposed also in said second-named partitions, a cabinet in saidpartitions, a wardrobe in said partitions, a hopper in said roomsenclosed by a removable seat, and means for Ventilating the individualrooms.

4. A vehicle having a plurality of rooms, said rooms having a. bed offixed length and toilet facilities foldable flush within Wallsoppositely separating adjoining rooms.

5. A vehicle having a central aisle, a plurality of adjoining rooms uponeach side of said aisle, each room` having a bed of xed length foldableendwise longitudinally oi' the vehicle iiush within a wall thereof, anda washstandifoldable ush within an opposite wall, said walls separatingadjoining rooms.

6. In a vehicle having a plurality of perma- -nently independent rooms,partitions separating adjoining rooms, a bed of fixed length foldableflush within each partition and opening endwise into a room, and awashstand foldable flush within each partition and opening into a room.

7. In ay vehicle having a plurality-of permanently independent roomsupon opposite sides of a central aisle dened by spaced partitions, ilxedpartitions separating adjoining rooms, a bed of xed length foldableendwise within each of said xed partitions and opening into a room, anda washstand foldable ilush within each of said fixed partitions andopening into a room.

8. In a vehicle having a plurality of permal nently independent roomsseparated longitudinally of the vehicle byxed partitions, a bed of fixedlength foldable longitudinally within one side of each partition andopening into a room, and a washstand foldable ush within the oppositeside of each partition and opening into an adjoining room.

9. In a vehicle having a plurality oi' permanently independent roomsupon opposite sides of a central aisle defined by spaced partitions,fixed partitions separating said rooms longitudinally of the vehicle, abed of 'lxed length. foldable longitudinally within one side of each ofsaid fixed partitions and opening into a room, and a. washstand foldableush within the opposite side of each partition and opening into anadjoining room.

nentlyl independent rooms separated longitudinally of the vehicle byfixed partitions, a'bed of fixed length foldable endwise flush withinone side of each partition, and toilet facilities foldable ush withinone side of each of said fixed partitions, said beds and toiletfacilities opening into the respective rooms from opposite partitions.

10. In a vehicle having a plurality oi permai n. m e vehicle having aplurality of pm; nently independent Iroonnfnpon opposite sides of acentral aisle defined by spacedY partitions, fixed partitions separatingsaid rooms longitudinally of the vehicle, a bed ofiixed length foldvsaid beds and toilet facilities 'opening in the respective rooms fromopposite partitions.

122111 a vehicle having a plurality of rooms separated by xedpartitionssaid partitions each containing a bed of fixed length foldableendwise therein, a wardrobe having a hinged door, a washstand foldableflush therein, and a lmedicine cabinet above said washstand all fortherespective rooms.

13. In a vehicle having a room, a bed of fixed length foldable endwisewithin a wall of the room, and concealed toilet facilities in said roomincluding a folding washstand enclosed Within a wall andan enclosedhopper having a hingedlymounted cover movable to provide clearancewhereby the bed may be opened.

14. In a vehicle having a plurality of rooms upon opposite sides of anaisle, a bed of fixed length in each room foldable endwise into a wall,and concealed toilet facilities in each room including a foldingwashstand in its closed -position enclosed thin a wall and an enclosedhopper having a hingedly-mounted cover movable to provide clearancewhereby the bed may be opened.

15. In a vehicle havingpartitions providing a plurality of rooms, bedsof fixed length in the respective roomsfoldable endwise into said parti-Y tions, folding washstands enclosed in said partitions in therespective rooms, and enclosed therein, toilet facilities enclosed inthe respective` hoppers in the respective rooms having hingedlymountedcovers movable to provide clearance whereby the beds may be opened.

16. In a vehicle having a plurality of rooms separated by xedpartitions, said partitions each containing a bed of fixed lengthfoldable endwise partitions including a folding washstand, a medicinecabinet above said washstand, and a wardrobe, and an enclosed hopper ineach room having a hingedly-mounted cover movable to provide clearancewhereby the bed may be opened.

1'7. In a vehicle having a plurality of rooms, a bed of fixed lengthfoldable endwise within a wall of each room, and concealed toiletfacilities in each room including a washstand enclosed within a wall andan enclosed hopper in each room covered by said bed in the open positionof the bed.

18. In a vehicle having a room, a bed of xed length foldable endwisewithin a wall of the room, and concealed toilet facilities in said roomincluding a folding washstand enclosed within a wall and an enclosedhopper covered by said bed in the open position of the bed.

19. In a vehicle having side walls, a plurality of partitions spacedfrom said Walls and forming a central aisle, a plurality of partitionsextending from said aisle partitions to the respective side wallsforming a plurality of rooms at opposite sides of the aisle, doorways inthe aisle partitions at each room, sliding doors for said doorways, abed in each room foldable endwise within a partition, bedding in saidbeds, means for locking the beds in said partitions, means forreleasing-said locking means to lower the beds, means for retaining saidbeds in lowered position, and means operating subsequently to saidreleasing means .to prevent of the bed without repeated v operation ofthe releasing means.

20. A. vehicle having walls defining a room, a bed of fixed lengthfoldable endwise one of said walls disposed transversely of said vehicleand adapted to be extendedalong a wall disposed longitudinally of saidvehicle and having a window opening, and toilet facilities extensiblefrom a transverse wall of said room oppositely disposed with respect tosaid rst wall and adapted to be. folded into said second 'namedtransverse wall to provide clearance whereby said bed may be folded orextended.

21. A vehicle having a plurality of rooms, 4veach l of said rooms havinga bed of xed length foldable endwise within a'wall of said room disposedtransversely of said vehicle and adapted to be extended along a walldisposed longitudinally of said vehicle and having a windowy opening,and toilet facilities extensible iroma transverse wall of said roomoppositely disposed with respect to said rst wall and adapted to befolded into said second named transverse wall to provide clearancewhereby said bed may be folded or extended.

22. In a vehicle having a plurality of permanently independent rooms, abed of fixed length foldable longitudinally within a wall of each room,and concealed toilet facilities in each room comprising a washstandenclosed within a wall and an enclosed hopper disposed in the roomhaving an integral seat and back hingedly mounted and movable to aninverted horizontal position to expose said hopper before said bed isopened. i

23. In a vehicle having a plurality lof permanently independent roomsupon opposite sides of a central aisle, a bed of fixed length in eachroom foldable longitudinally within a Wall, and concealed toiletfacilities in each room comprising a washstand enclosed within a walland an enclosed hopper having an integral seat and back hingedly mountedand movable to an inverted horizontal position toexpose said hopperbefore said bed is opened.

24. In a vehiclel having partitions providing a plurality of rooms, abed of fixed length in ,each room extending longitudinally of thevehicle and full length of the respective rooms and foldable endwisewithin a partition, a washstand in each room enclosed within thepartition opposite said bed, and an enclosed hopper in each room havingan integral seat and back hingedly mounted and movable to an invertedhorizontal position to expose said hopper before said bed is opened.

25. In a vehicle having a plurality of rooms separated by fixedpartitions, said partitions each containing a bed of fixed lengthfoldable endwise therein, a wardrobe, a washstand enclosed therein, anda medicine cabinet above said washstand all for the respective rooms,and an enclosed hopper in each room having 4an integral seat and backhingedly mounted and movable to a horizontal position to expose saidhopper before said bed is opened.

26. A vehicle, a room in the vehicle, abed of fixed length in the roomfoldable endwise ush within a Wall, concealed means locking the bed inthe wall, releasing means therefor, other locking means preventinglowering of the bed, releasing means for said other locking means, aconnection between said releasing means whereby the second lock isretained in released position while the rst releasing means is held inreleasing position.and means comprising springs balancing the weight ofthe bed.

27. A vehicle having longitudinal and transverse walls defining a room,a window in one of said longitudinal walls, a rigid bed hinged to atransverse wall and foldable endwise longitudinally of the room, afolding seat back ixed to and. operable with said bed and disposedalongside of said window, said bed being connected to said seat back soas to be opened when the seat back is'folded and so that said'seat backis moved to operative position when the bed is closed.

28. In a vehicle having a plurality of rooms, a.

having a fixed length substantially equal to the length of the roomfoldable endwise into a Wall concealed means locking the bed in, thewall,

means for releasing said locking means to lower the bed along saidlengthwise wall, and means balancing the weight of the bed during thelowering operation and during `the raising thereof. 30. A vehicle, aroom in the vehicle having a lengthwise wall provided with a window, abed having a fixed length substantially equal `to the length of the roomfoldable endwise into a wall of the roc-m disposed transversely of thevehicle, bedding in the bed, means retaining said bedding in the foldedposition of the bed, means for locking the bed in said Wall, means forreleasing the locking means to lower the bed along said lengthwise wall.and means for retaining the bed in loweredposition. 31. A vehicle, aroom in the vehicle having a lengthwise wall provided with a window, abed having a xed length substantially equal to the oi' the room disposedtransversely of the vehicle,`

length ofthe room foldable endwise into awall of the room rdisposedtransversely of the vehicle. bedding in the bed, means retaining saidbedding in the folded position of the bed, a vertically slidableheadboard preventing escape of said bedding in theraised position of thebed, means for locking the bed in said wall, means for releasing thelocking means to lower said bed along said lengthwise wall, and meansfor retaining the bed in lowered position.

32. A vehicle having a partition, a room ln the vehicle having a wallcomprised by said partition, a full length folding bed in the room, saidbed comprising a bedding-supporting receptacle having rigid marginalwalls one of which is spaced from said partition to provide a passengerstanding space, bedding in said receptacle substantially tothe level ofsaid marginal walls, and means for securing said bed in folded position,said named marginal wall being of reduced height and having a cushionededge substantially to the height of the other marginal walls.

33. In a vehicle having a room. a bed foldable endwise into a wall ofthe room and having a xed length substantially equal to the distancefrom said wall to the opposite wall of the room, and concealed toiletfacilities in the room including a washstand foldable into said oppositeWall to provide clearance for folding and opening movements of the bedand an enclosed hopper covered by the bed when the bed is open.

34. In a vehicle having a room, a bed adapted to be raised to be foldedendwise into awall of the room and having a xed length substantiallyequal to the distance from said Wall to theopposite wall of the room,and concealed toilet facilities in the room including a washstandfoldable into said opposite wall to provide clearance for folding andopening movements of the bed and an enclosed hopper having a removablecovering,

said hopper being covered by the bed when the bed is open and saidcovering being removable to expose the hopper only when the bed israised.

DAVID A. CRAWFORD.

CERTIFICATE oF coRRacfrIoN.y

vPatent No. 2,ll|.7,01l. DAVID A. CRAWFORD;

'February 114.., 1959.. v

It is hereby certified that error appears in the printed Vspecificationof the above numbered ,patent requiring correction as follows: Page?,first.

column, line 9, claim l1, for the word "in" readinto; and that the saidLetters Patent should be read with this' correction therein that thesame.

may conform' to the record `of the case in the Patent Office.

Signed and sealed this 11th day l0f` Apr:l.l, A. 4l). 1959.

(Seal) vHenry Van Arsdale Acting Commissioner of Patents.

